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기획특강 : 국가재정의 이해 및 지자체 국비확보 전략

  • 분야행정ㆍ재정
  • 출처기관한국산업기술평가관리원
  • 제작년도2021
  • 게시일2021-04-06
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안녕하십니까 국가 균형 발전위원회

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예산 조정 평가과 박민영입니다

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코로나19로 경제 위기 상황이 지속되고 있습니다

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정부는 작년에 총 4번의 추경 편성과

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3번의 국가재난지원금을 지원했습니다 

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2021년 예산을 통해서도 정부의 위기 극복을 위한

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적극적이고, 강한 의지를 확인할 수 있는데요

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올해 경제정책 방향은 크게 두 축으로 해석됩니다

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첫 번째는 적극적인 경제 운용과, 민생개선 및

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지역 경제 활성화를 통해

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경제 회복을 하는 것이고요

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두 번째는, 혁신 확산 및 차세대 성장 동력 확보와

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안정 지속 성장을 위한 미래 대비

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경제구조의 포용성·공정성 강화 등

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한국판 뉴딜 전략으로 대표되는

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선도형 경제로의 대전환입니다

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4월부터 2022년 정부 예산안 편성이 시작됩니다

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균형 발전사업 추진을 위한 각 지방자치단체들의

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예산안 편성 시기이기도 합니다

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이 영상을 통해 2022년 균형 발전사업을 기획하고

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예산을 편성하는데 조금이나마

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도움이 되셨으면 합니다

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설명은 국가 재정과, 중앙과 지방재정의 관계

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균형 발전 특별회계

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국고 확보 전략 순으로 진행됩니다

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재정이란 무엇일까요?

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재정이란 국민경제 주체인 가계, 기업, 정부 중

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정부의 수입과 지출 활동을 말합니다

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국민경제는 민간부문과 공공부문으로 나뉘고

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공공부문은 다시 중앙정부와 지방정부

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비영리 공공기관이 속하는

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일반 정부와 공기업으로 나뉩니다

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오늘 시간은 예산업무와 관련된 중앙정부의

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국가 재정 중심으로 설명하겠습니다

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국가 재정의 기능은 크게 3가지로 대표됩니다

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첫 번째 기능은 효율적 자원배분입니다

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우리들이 살아가는데 꼭 필요하지만

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수익성이나 공익성 측면 때문에

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민간에서 공급하기 어려운 것들이 있습니다

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치안이나 공안, 외교

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국방과 같은 서비스 등인데요

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국가는 경제성을 따지지 않고

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일반 시민들에게 공익 서비스를 제공하여

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자원의 효율 배분을 도모합니다

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두 번째는 소득 재분배 기능입니다

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국가는 사회 양극화가 심화되지 않도록 

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재정정책을 운용합니다

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소득이 낮거나 경제적으로 어려운 국민들에게

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최소한의 사회 안전망을 제공하는 것입니다

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국민기초생활보장법에 따른

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기초 생보자들의 생계비,노인수당 

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고용보험 기금에서 지급되는 실업급여

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산재보상 급여 등이 해당됩니다

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마지막 세 번째 기능은 경제 안정화로

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최근 더욱 강조되는 추세입니다

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지난 3월 정부는 자영업자와 소상공인

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저소득층, 일자리

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백신 추가 구입비 등이 포함된

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20조 규모의 슈퍼 추경 편성을 발표했습니다

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추경예산은 국가재정법

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제89조에 따라 편성되는데요

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전쟁이나 자연재해가 발생했을 때

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경기 침체나 대량실업 등

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대내외 여건의 중대한 변화가 생겼거나

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또는 법령에 따라 국가가 지급해야 하는 지출이

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발생하는 3가지 경우에 편성되며

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코로나19상황이 이에 해당됩니다

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추경과, 재정조기집행과 같은

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적극적인 정부 정책이

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국가 재정의 경제 안정화 기능을 보여주는

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대표적인 사례라고 이해하시면 됩니다

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재정제도입니다

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1961년 예산회계법은

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중앙 집중적이고 단기 통제 중심의 

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재정운영방식은 2000년 이후

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재정규모가 커지고 분야별 전문성이 심화되면서 

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한계를 노출합니다

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이에 전략적 자원배분, 경기 안정화 지원 등의 

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재정의 역할을

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효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 재정운용 시스템을

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필요로 하게 됐는데요

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이에 2004년 노무현 정부는

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국가 재정운용 계획 수립, Top-Down 예산제도

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성과관리제도, 디지털예산회계시스템 도입 등

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4대 재정혁신과제를 추진합니다

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네 가지 과제에 대해 자세히 살펴보겠습니다

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첫째 국가 재정운용 계획입니다

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과거 1년 단위 예산편성 방식이 아닌

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당해 회계연도부터

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5년 이상의 중기 재정운용 계획을

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수립하는 것인데요

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이를 통해 중장기 관점에서

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우선순위를 반영한 전략적 재원배분과

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중요 정책방향에 대한 예측 가능성을 향상시키며

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재정위험요인 추계를 통한 체계적 대응과 

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재정건전성에 기여하게 됩니다

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올해, 우리 정부 또한 2022년 예산안과 함께

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‘21~25년’ 까지의 국가 재정운용 계획을

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국회에 제출해야 합니다

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두 번째는 탑다운(Top-Down) 제도입니다

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총액배분 자율편성 제도라고도 합니다

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기재부는 4월 말 분야별, 회계별, 부문별 총량의

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지출한도를 중앙부처에 통보합니다

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부처는 지출한도 범위 내에서 우선순위에 따라

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단위사업별, 세부사업별 비목별 편성을 합니다

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이때 재정사업의 환경과 사업의 투자 우선순위는

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기재부 예산실이 아닌, 사업을 기획하고

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집행하는 해당 부처가

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전문성이 있다는 전제로 합니다

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세 번째는 재정성과관리제도입니다

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모든 재정사업에는

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사업목표와 성과 지표를 설정하고

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그 지표에 따른 평가 결과를

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재정운용에 환류시킨다는 건데요

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매년 균특법에 따라서 균형위가 주관하는

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균특 자율사업 평가를 연상하시면 됩니다

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네 번째는 디지털예산회계시스템 도입입니다

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과거, 예산 요구, 편성, 결산

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집행, 총사업비 관리 등

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각각 관리했던 것들을 모아 하나의 시스템으로 

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통합, 연계한것인데요

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디브레인의 도입은 재정운용의 투명성과 객관성을 

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 높이는데 많은 기여를 하였습니다

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국민들은 재정정보를 한눈에 볼 수 있습니다

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우리나라의 재정체계입니다

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우리나라의 재정체계는 운용 주체에 따라

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국회 의결 대상과

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지방의회 의결 대상으로 구분됩니다

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중앙정부의 재정 중 예산과 기금, 예산은

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일반회계와 특별회계가 국회 의결 대상이고

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지방의회 의결 대상은 일반재정과 교육재정으로 

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구분되는 지방재정 중에

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일반재정의 예산과 기금, 그리고 교육비 

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특별회계가 그 대상이 됩니다

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예산과 기금에 대한 설명입니다

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예산과 기금의 공통점은 모두 법률에 근거해

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설치 운용된다는 것입니다

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예산은 일반회계와 특별회계로 나뉘는데요

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국세수입과 세외수입으로

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재원을 구성하는 일반회계는

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국가 재정의 약 60퍼센트를 차지하고

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00:06:12,705 --> 00:06:14,774
가장 기본적인 기능을 수행합니다

143
00:06:14,774 --> 00:06:16,609
일반 조세 수입을 재원으로

144
00:06:16,609 --> 00:06:19,178
국가재정법 절차에 따라 확정되며

145
00:06:19,178 --> 00:06:21,180
추경을 통해 계획이 변경되어

146
00:06:21,180 --> 00:06:23,883
국회의 결산과 심의 승인을 받습니다

147
00:06:23,883 --> 00:06:26,319
특별회계는 특정 사업 운영을 위해

148
00:06:26,319 --> 00:06:28,921
특정 세입으로 특정 세출을 충당하기 위해

149
00:06:28,921 --> 00:06:30,890
설치된 회계입니다

150
00:06:30,890 --> 00:06:34,994
확정, 집행 절차, 계획 변경, 결산 과정은 

151
00:06:34,994 --> 00:06:36,662
일반회계와 동일하지만

152
00:06:36,662 --> 00:06:39,732
수입과 지출이 따로 노는 일반회계와는 달리

153
00:06:39,732 --> 00:06:41,367
특정세입과 특정세출이

154
00:06:41,367 --> 00:06:43,436
서로 연계되어 있는 것이 다릅니다

155
00:06:43,436 --> 00:06:48,274
양곡, 조달, 책특 등의 5개의 사업 특별회계와

156
00:06:48,274 --> 00:06:51,711
균특, 교특 등 15개의 기타 특별회계로

157
00:06:51,711 --> 00:06:54,113
총 20개 특별회계가 있습니다

158
00:06:54,113 --> 00:06:57,216
기금은 특별한 목적을 위해 특정한 자금을 

159
00:06:57,216 --> 00:06:59,385
신축적으로 운영할 필요가 있을 때

160
00:06:59,385 --> 00:07:02,355
정부가 직접 조성하거나 민간이 조성한 기금에 

161
00:07:02,355 --> 00:07:04,023
정부가 출연하는 형태입니다

162
00:07:04,023 --> 00:07:06,192
일반회계나 특별회계에 비해

163
00:07:06,192 --> 00:07:08,394
집행하는데 자율성이 보장되고

164
00:07:08,394 --> 00:07:10,263
계획 변경 또한 자유롭습니다

165
00:07:10,263 --> 00:07:12,665
예산과 비교하면, 예산의 증감은

166
00:07:12,665 --> 00:07:15,435
추경을 통해 국회 의결을 거쳐야 하지만

167
00:07:15,435 --> 00:07:18,371
기금은 주요 항목 지출 금액의 변경 범위가

168
00:07:18,371 --> 00:07:20,773
금융성 기금의 2~30% 이하라면

169
00:07:20,773 --> 00:07:23,543
기금 운용 변경안을 국회에 제출하지 않고도

170
00:07:23,543 --> 00:07:25,311
대통령령으로 정하는 바에 따라

171
00:07:25,311 --> 00:07:26,612
변경할 수 있습니다

172
00:07:26,612 --> 00:07:28,948
무엇보다 운용주체가 다양하다는 점이

173
00:07:28,948 --> 00:07:31,083
예산과 근본적인 차이점입니다

174
00:07:31,083 --> 00:07:34,654
예산은 관리주체가 반드시 중앙관서의 장이지만

175
00:07:34,654 --> 00:07:37,690
기금은 그 관리주체로 공공기관도 해당됩니다

176
00:07:37,690 --> 00:07:41,027
예를 들면 국민체육 진흥 기금의 관리주체는

177
00:07:41,027 --> 00:07:44,030
문화부 장관이 아니라 국민체육진흥공단이고

178
00:07:44,030 --> 00:07:46,265
근로 복지 기금은 고용노동부가 아닌 

179
00:07:46,265 --> 00:07:48,568
근로복지공단이 관리주체입니다

180
00:07:48,568 --> 00:07:50,269
해당되는 기금관리주체가

181
00:07:50,269 --> 00:07:52,338
기금 운용 계획안을 수립하여

182
00:07:52,338 --> 00:07:54,207
기획재정부 장관과 협의를 거친 후

183
00:07:54,207 --> 00:07:55,675
국회 심의 의결을 거쳐

184
00:07:55,675 --> 00:07:58,010
기금 사용이 확정됩니다

185
00:07:58,010 --> 00:08:01,380
즉 모든 예산은 중앙부처가 직접 운용하지만

186
00:08:01,380 --> 00:08:03,983
기금은 공공기관이 운용하는 사례가 많습니다

187
00:08:03,983 --> 00:08:06,385
우리나라의 재정규모는 얼마나 될까요?

188
00:08:06,385 --> 00:08:10,857
2021년 재정규모는 일반회계 314조 8천억 원

189
00:08:10,857 --> 00:08:15,127
특별회계 60조 2천억 원, 기금 182조 9천억 원으로

190
00:08:15,127 --> 00:08:17,296
총 558조의 규모입니다

191
00:08:17,296 --> 00:08:21,133
2020년 본예산 대비 8.9퍼센트 증가했습니다

192
00:08:21,133 --> 00:08:24,237
균특회계는 올해 예산 약 10조 3천억 원 규모로 

193
00:08:24,237 --> 00:08:26,138
기타 특별회계에 속해있네요

194
00:08:26,138 --> 00:08:28,407
우리나라는 2021년 기준

195
00:08:28,407 --> 00:08:31,077
총 67개의 기금이 설치되어 있습니다

196
00:08:31,077 --> 00:08:33,779
총 지출은 특정 사업을 직접 수행하는

197
00:08:33,779 --> 00:08:35,882
48개의 사업성기금

198
00:08:35,882 --> 00:08:37,550
6개의 사회보험성 기금

199
00:08:37,550 --> 00:08:39,352
4개의 계정성 기금을 합한

200
00:08:39,352 --> 00:08:41,387
58개의 기금만 포함됩니다

201
00:08:41,387 --> 00:08:44,423
보증, 보험 등을 제공하는 금융성 기금과

202
00:08:44,423 --> 00:08:47,760
외국 한 평형 기금은 총 지출에 포함하지 않습니다

203
00:08:47,760 --> 00:08:49,161
재정총량입니다

204
00:08:49,161 --> 00:08:51,964
2021년 재정총량은 본예산 기준으로

205
00:08:51,964 --> 00:08:54,166
총수입 482조 6천억원

206
00:08:54,166 --> 00:08:58,538
총지출 558조 원으로 2020년 본예산 대비 각각

207
00:08:58,538 --> 00:09:01,574
0.2%, 8.9% 늘었습니다

208
00:09:01,574 --> 00:09:03,309
확정된 예산안을 기준으로

209
00:09:03,309 --> 00:09:05,044
재정건전성 지표를 보면

210
00:09:05,044 --> 00:09:07,947
총 지출이 총수입을 크게 상회함에 따라

211
00:09:07,947 --> 00:09:10,616
통합재정수지 적자가 75조 4천억 원으로

212
00:09:10,616 --> 00:09:12,251
발생할 것으로 예상되고

213
00:09:12,251 --> 00:09:15,755
적자폭은 GDP 대비 3.7퍼센트 규모입니다

214
00:09:15,755 --> 00:09:18,724
국가채무는 956조 원으로 전망됩니다

215
00:09:18,724 --> 00:09:21,994
지난해 본예산 대비 150조 8천억 원

216
00:09:21,994 --> 00:09:24,964
4차 추경 기준으로는 109조 1천억 원으로 늘어

217
00:09:24,964 --> 00:09:27,099
올해 GDP 대비 국가채무 비중은

218
00:09:27,099 --> 00:09:29,936
47.3퍼센트에 달할 것으로 예상됩니다

219
00:09:29,936 --> 00:09:33,739
지난해 본예산 기준 국가채무 39.8%나

220
00:09:33,739 --> 00:09:37,410
4차 추경 기준 43.9%보다 껑충 뛴 셈인데

221
00:09:37,410 --> 00:09:39,612
코로나19라는 특수한 상황 때문에

222
00:09:39,612 --> 00:09:41,647
재정수지 및 국가채무의 악화 추세는

223
00:09:41,647 --> 00:09:44,650
당분간 불가피할 것으로 보입니다

224
00:09:44,650 --> 00:09:47,887
정부는 2024년 기준으로 통합재정수지는

225
00:09:47,887 --> 00:09:50,323
GDP 대비 ?3.9%

226
00:09:50,323 --> 00:09:52,725
국가채무는 50% 후반 이내로

227
00:09:52,725 --> 00:09:54,760
관리할 계획이라고 밝혔습니다

228
00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:57,296
2021년 예산의 개관입니다

229
00:09:57,296 --> 00:10:00,900
정부는 경제활력과 혁신성장 가속화를 위해

230
00:10:00,900 --> 00:10:03,002
올해도 확장적 재정운용 기조를

231
00:10:03,002 --> 00:10:04,470
유지하기로 판단했습니다

232
00:10:04,470 --> 00:10:08,040
경제 회복 불확실성에 따른 세입 여건 약화 탓에

233
00:10:08,040 --> 00:10:10,776
수입은 살짝 늘었지만, 코로나19 이후

234
00:10:10,776 --> 00:10:12,878
확장적 재정 기조를 반영함에 따라

235
00:10:12,878 --> 00:10:14,947
지출 또한 증가했기 때문인데요

236
00:10:14,947 --> 00:10:17,216
실제 국회에서 증액된 사업들을 보면

237
00:10:17,216 --> 00:10:20,553
코로나19 피해 맞춤형 지원, 백신 물량 확보

238
00:10:20,553 --> 00:10:21,520
보육 및 돌봄

239
00:10:21,520 --> 00:10:25,491
필수 노동자 작업환경 보호, 보훈·장애인 지원

240
00:10:25,491 --> 00:10:28,527
탄소 중립 선제 투자 등이 포함되어 있습니다

241
00:10:28,527 --> 00:10:32,231
정부의 재정정책이 코로나로 악화된 국민경제와

242
00:10:32,231 --> 00:10:33,866
삶의 질을 향상시키고

243
00:10:33,866 --> 00:10:36,502
선순환의 효과가 일어나기를 기대해봅니다

244
00:10:36,502 --> 00:10:39,472
다음은 분야별 재원배분을 살펴보겠습니다

245
00:10:39,472 --> 00:10:42,908
예산 증가폭이 가장 큰 분야는 디지털 분야와

246
00:10:42,908 --> 00:10:46,112
그린 뉴딜 핵심 분야인 산업·환경·R&D 분야입니다

247
00:10:46,112 --> 00:10:49,081
또한, 고용사회안전망 강화를 위한

248
00:10:49,081 --> 00:10:50,416
복지·일자리 분야

249
00:10:50,416 --> 00:10:53,119
안전투자 등을 중심으로 한 SOC 분야가 

250
00:10:53,119 --> 00:10:55,087
지속적으로 증가하는 추세입니다

251
00:10:55,087 --> 00:10:56,989
예산안 편성 절차입니다

252
00:10:56,989 --> 00:11:00,026
기획재정부는 전년도 12월 말까지

253
00:11:00,026 --> 00:11:02,561
다음 연도 국가 재정운용 계획 수립을 위한

254
00:11:02,561 --> 00:11:05,064
지침을 작성해 각 부처로 통보합니다

255
00:11:05,064 --> 00:11:07,400
국가재정법에 따라 각 부처는

256
00:11:07,400 --> 00:11:09,869
이 지침을 토대로 재정 소요를 감안해

257
00:11:09,869 --> 00:11:12,872
당해 연도를 포함한 5개년 중기사업 계획서를

258
00:11:12,872 --> 00:11:14,907
1월 말까지 기재부에 제출합니다

259
00:11:14,907 --> 00:11:18,377
3월 31일 기재부는 중앙부처와 지자체에

260
00:11:18,377 --> 00:11:20,680
차년도 예산편성지침을 내려줍니다

261
00:11:20,680 --> 00:11:23,783
국무위원 재정전략회의 등을 거쳐

262
00:11:23,783 --> 00:11:26,485
4월 말경 부처별로 지출한도를 통보합니다

263
00:11:26,485 --> 00:11:30,256
각 중앙부처는 지방자치단체 등의 기관으로부터 

264
00:11:30,256 --> 00:11:31,757
예산 신청을 받아

265
00:11:31,757 --> 00:11:33,759
4~5월 기간 동안 조정을 거쳐

266
00:11:33,759 --> 00:11:35,194
예산요구서를 작성하고

267
00:11:35,194 --> 00:11:37,730
5월 31일까지 기재부에 제출합니다

268
00:11:37,730 --> 00:11:40,399
기재부는 예산요구서가 접수되면

269
00:11:40,399 --> 00:11:42,635
본격적인 예산안 편성을 위한

270
00:11:42,635 --> 00:11:45,638
사업별·분야별 실무작업반을 운영하면서

271
00:11:45,638 --> 00:11:48,040
관계 기관 협의 및 자문 회의 등을 거쳐

272
00:11:48,040 --> 00:11:49,775
예산 지원내용을 조정합니다

273
00:11:49,775 --> 00:11:52,178
이러한 일련의 과정을 거친 예산안은

274
00:11:52,178 --> 00:11:55,047
국무회의 의결과 대통령의 승인을 얻습니다

275
00:11:55,047 --> 00:11:59,251
정부는 회계연도 개시 120일 전인 9월 3일까지 

276
00:11:59,251 --> 00:12:01,020
예산안을 국회에 제출합니다

277
00:12:01,020 --> 00:12:03,422
국회에 제출된 정부 예산안은

278
00:12:03,422 --> 00:12:07,560
상임위 예산결산특별위원회 예결위 계수 소위

279
00:12:07,560 --> 00:12:11,097
본회의 과정을 거쳐 12월 2일 최종 확정됩니다

280
00:12:12,765 --> 00:12:14,066
2장의 시작은

281
00:12:14,066 --> 00:12:16,535
지방재정조정 제도에 대한 내용입니다

282
00:12:16,535 --> 00:12:19,905
지방자치에 있어서 지방자치단체의 필요경비는

283
00:12:19,905 --> 00:12:21,373
자체 재원으로 충당하는 것이

284
00:12:21,373 --> 00:12:22,875
가장 이상적일 것입니다

285
00:12:22,875 --> 00:12:26,345
하지만 현재 우리나라는 국세 비중이 높고

286
00:12:26,345 --> 00:12:28,214
지역 간 세원 불균형 때문에

287
00:12:28,214 --> 00:12:30,082
지역격차 문제가 발생하는데요

288
00:12:30,082 --> 00:12:33,018
이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 만들어진 제도가 바로 

289
00:12:33,018 --> 00:12:34,754
지방재정 조정제도입니다

290
00:12:34,754 --> 00:12:37,823
국가가 지자체에 일정한 재원을 이전함으로써 

291
00:12:37,823 --> 00:12:39,225
지방재정을 확충하고

292
00:12:39,225 --> 00:12:41,894
자치단체 간 재정 불균형을 해소하기 위한 

293
00:12:41,894 --> 00:12:43,796
재원이전제도 라고 할수 있습니다

294
00:12:43,796 --> 00:12:46,565
국가가 지자체에 재원을 이전해 주는 방식은 

295
00:12:46,565 --> 00:12:48,968
보조금과 교부금 2가지가 있습니다

296
00:12:48,968 --> 00:12:52,037
먼저 보조금은 용도와 조건이 지정된

297
00:12:52,037 --> 00:12:53,706
특정 목적의 재원입니다

298
00:12:53,706 --> 00:12:56,642
반면에 교부금은 국세수입 일부를

299
00:12:56,642 --> 00:12:58,077
이전하는 방식으로

300
00:12:58,077 --> 00:13:00,179
지자체의 자주재원으로 볼 수 있으며

301
00:13:00,179 --> 00:13:01,680
지자체 행정 운영과

302
00:13:01,680 --> 00:13:03,716
교육 자치단체 운영에 사용됩니다

303
00:13:03,716 --> 00:13:06,485
보조금에 비해 용도의 자율성을 보장받습니다

304
00:13:06,485 --> 00:13:09,321
교부금은 지자체 행정 운영을 지원하는 

305
00:13:09,321 --> 00:13:10,556
지방교부세와

306
00:13:10,556 --> 00:13:12,625
17개 시도 교육위원회로 보내는

307
00:13:12,625 --> 00:13:14,693
지방 교육재정교부금이 있습니다

308
00:13:14,693 --> 00:13:18,030
지방교부세는 내국세의 19.24퍼센트

309
00:13:18,030 --> 00:13:19,899
종합부동산세 전액

310
00:13:19,899 --> 00:13:21,967
담배 개별소비세 20퍼센트를

311
00:13:21,967 --> 00:13:26,038
지방 교육재정교부금은 국세 20.79퍼센트와 

312
00:13:26,038 --> 00:13:27,706
교육세 전액을 이전 받습니다

313
00:13:27,706 --> 00:13:30,009
그렇다면 포괄보조금은 뭘까요?

314
00:13:30,009 --> 00:13:33,112
국가 균형 발전 특별법 제40조에 따르면

315
00:13:33,112 --> 00:13:35,948
각 시도 시군구 별로 세출예산의 용도를

316
00:13:35,948 --> 00:13:37,650
포괄적으로 정한 보조금이라고 

317
00:13:37,650 --> 00:13:38,717
정의하고 있습니다

318
00:13:38,717 --> 00:13:41,487
포괄보조금은 균특회계의 핵심 제도로

319
00:13:41,487 --> 00:13:44,423
보조금과 교부금의 장점을 섞어 만든 형태입니다

320
00:13:44,423 --> 00:13:47,593
기재부는 17개 시도에 포괄보조금이라는

321
00:13:47,593 --> 00:13:49,328
1년 치 용돈을 할당하고

322
00:13:49,328 --> 00:13:51,363
포괄보조사업 메뉴판을 제공합니다

323
00:13:51,363 --> 00:13:53,299
지자체는 용돈 한도 내에서

324
00:13:53,299 --> 00:13:54,700
자율적으로 메뉴를 골라

325
00:13:54,700 --> 00:13:57,469
예산안을 편성하여 중앙부처에 제출합니다

326
00:13:57,469 --> 00:13:59,438
정부가 보조사업별로

327
00:13:59,438 --> 00:14:01,440
사용 용도와 금액을 지정해 주는

328
00:14:01,440 --> 00:14:03,609
일반적인 국고보조금 제도와 다르게

329
00:14:03,609 --> 00:14:06,111
제한적이기는 하나 지자체가 자유롭게

330
00:14:06,111 --> 00:14:08,347
사업을 선택하고 설계하는 구조입니다

331
00:14:08,347 --> 00:14:11,984
포괄보조금 제도는 기재부의 배분모델에 따라 

332
00:14:11,984 --> 00:14:14,220
공정하게 지출한도를 배분하고

333
00:14:14,220 --> 00:14:16,021
사업 선택, 집행 과정에서

334
00:14:16,021 --> 00:14:18,257
지자체의 고도의 자율성을 지니며

335
00:14:18,257 --> 00:14:21,193
엄정한 성과평가를 통한 차년도 재원 편성에 

336
00:14:21,193 --> 00:14:22,428
반영한다는 겁니다

337
00:14:22,428 --> 00:14:24,864
다만, 국회 예산안 심사 시

338
00:14:24,864 --> 00:14:27,132
포괄보조금 형태로 내려주는 지출한도는

339
00:14:27,132 --> 00:14:29,001
증감이 원칙적으로 제외됩니다

340
00:14:29,001 --> 00:14:30,236
포괄보조금 제도는

341
00:14:30,236 --> 00:14:32,238
유럽 스웨덴에서 처음 출발했고

342
00:14:32,238 --> 00:14:35,341
미국, 영국, 호주에서 제도를 운용 중입니다

343
00:14:35,341 --> 00:14:38,377
지방재정조정 제도의 재원배분 효과입니다

344
00:14:38,377 --> 00:14:41,914
78:33였던 국세와 지방세 비율이

345
00:14:41,914 --> 00:14:43,449
보조금과 교부세를 통해

346
00:14:43,449 --> 00:14:45,985
지방자치단체의 재정으로 지원되어

347
00:14:45,985 --> 00:14:48,354
가용재원의 격차가 38:62로

348
00:14:48,354 --> 00:14:50,222
완화된 것을 알 수 있습니다

349
00:14:50,222 --> 00:14:52,791
다음은 재정 분권 추진방안입니다

350
00:14:52,791 --> 00:14:55,394
재정 분권은 지자체의 자율성을 확대해

351
00:14:55,394 --> 00:14:56,595
지역 경제 혁신과

352
00:14:56,595 --> 00:14:59,298
삶의 질 개선, 균형 발전을 위한 제도입니다

353
00:14:59,298 --> 00:15:02,935
국가가 직접 거뒀던 세금 중 일부를 지방으로 넘겨

354
00:15:02,935 --> 00:15:05,804
국세와 지방세 비율을 7:3으로 개선하고

355
00:15:05,804 --> 00:15:08,974
국가가 담당했던 사무와 기능을 지방으로 이양해

356
00:15:08,974 --> 00:15:11,543
지역의 권한과 책임도 확대하기 위해서입니다

357
00:15:11,543 --> 00:15:15,447
재정 분권은 2019년부터 2020년까지 1단계

358
00:15:15,447 --> 00:15:17,783
2021년부터 2022년까지

359
00:15:17,783 --> 00:15:19,718
2단계로 구분해 추진하고 있습니다

360
00:15:19,718 --> 00:15:23,022
1단계에서는 재원을 마련할 기틀을 다지고

361
00:15:23,022 --> 00:15:25,591
2단계에서는 근본적인 제도 개편을 합니다

362
00:15:25,591 --> 00:15:27,993
1단계에서 지방세 확충과 연계해

363
00:15:27,993 --> 00:15:31,196
2020년 균특 포괄보조사업을 중심으로

364
00:15:31,196 --> 00:15:33,465
3.5조 원 규모의 중앙정부 기능을

365
00:15:33,465 --> 00:15:34,867
지방으로 이양했습니다

366
00:15:34,867 --> 00:15:38,570
국세인 부가가치세 수의 11%였던 지방소비세율을

367
00:15:38,570 --> 00:15:43,275
19년에는 15%, 20년에는 21% 인상하고

368
00:15:43,275 --> 00:15:46,378
국세인 담배 개별소비세의 20%였던

369
00:15:46,378 --> 00:15:49,615
소방안전 교부세율을 19년엔 35%

370
00:15:49,615 --> 00:15:52,418
20년에는 45%까지 인상했습니다

371
00:15:52,418 --> 00:15:54,920
2010년 지방소비세 도입 시부터

372
00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:57,189
지역별 가중치를 적용해 배분 중이며

373
00:15:57,189 --> 00:15:59,625
지역상생기금을 2020년부터

374
00:15:59,625 --> 00:16:01,393
지방소비세율 인상분에 출연해

375
00:16:01,393 --> 00:16:03,295
재정격차를 줄여가는 중입니다

376
00:16:03,295 --> 00:16:06,398
재정 분권 추진방안 2단계는 현재 진행 중으로

377
00:16:06,398 --> 00:16:09,702
지방재정조정 제도를 근본적으로 개편하는 것으로

378
00:16:09,702 --> 00:16:11,503
제도 개선을 목표로 하고 있습니다

379
00:16:13,505 --> 00:16:14,473
3장에서는

380
00:16:14,473 --> 00:16:16,809
균형 발전 특별회계에 대해 알아보겠습니다

381
00:16:16,809 --> 00:16:19,178
2004년, 균형 발전 시책 및

382
00:16:19,178 --> 00:16:20,713
사업의 효율적 추진을 위해

383
00:16:20,713 --> 00:16:23,115
국가 균형 발전 특별법이 제정됐습니다

384
00:16:23,115 --> 00:16:25,451
균특 법 제30조 규정에 따라

385
00:16:25,451 --> 00:16:27,186
각종 지역개발사업 예산을

386
00:16:27,186 --> 00:16:30,422
일괄 지원 관리함으로써 중복투자를 방지하고

387
00:16:30,422 --> 00:16:33,459
예산편성에 있어 지역의 자율성을 제고를 위한

388
00:16:33,459 --> 00:16:35,661
균형 발전 특별회계가 설치됐습니다

389
00:16:35,661 --> 00:16:38,497
2005년, 정부는 7개의 회계를 통해

390
00:16:38,497 --> 00:16:39,631
분산 추진되고 있던

391
00:16:39,631 --> 00:16:43,135
각종 균형 발전 관련 사업을 균특회계로 통합하고

392
00:16:43,135 --> 00:16:45,504
지자체 보조금, 양여금

393
00:16:45,504 --> 00:16:48,140
토지관리 및 지역 균형 개발특별회계 등에서 

394
00:16:48,140 --> 00:16:49,108
재원을 마련해

395
00:16:49,108 --> 00:16:52,011
약 5.4조 원 규모로 운용을 시작했습니다

396
00:16:52,011 --> 00:16:56,448
2009년 이명박 정부는 세계화, 광역화, 효율화

397
00:16:56,448 --> 00:16:58,384
자율화 기조에 맞춰 회계명을

398
00:16:58,384 --> 00:17:00,886
광역지역 발전 특별회계로 변경합니다

399
00:17:00,886 --> 00:17:03,288
행정구역 단위의 분산투자를

400
00:17:03,288 --> 00:17:05,758
시도 간 연계투자로 광역화했고

401
00:17:05,758 --> 00:17:08,160
특화산업 발전을 목표로 산업분야에

402
00:17:08,160 --> 00:17:10,763
정책중점을 두고 회계를 운용했습니다

403
00:17:10,763 --> 00:17:14,500
특히 2010년, 포괄보조금 제도가 처음 도입되며

404
00:17:14,500 --> 00:17:16,235
균특회계 규모가 확대됩니다

405
00:17:16,235 --> 00:17:18,837
2014년, 박근혜 정부에 와서는

406
00:17:18,837 --> 00:17:21,740
회계명을 지역 발전 특별회계로 변경하고

407
00:17:21,740 --> 00:17:24,476
국민 개개인의 삶의 질 향상을 최우선으로

408
00:17:24,476 --> 00:17:26,378
지역희망 프로젝트를 추진합니다

409
00:17:26,378 --> 00:17:29,114
대표사업은 지역 행복 생활권 사업과

410
00:17:29,114 --> 00:17:30,616
새뜰 마을 사업이 있습니다

411
00:17:30,616 --> 00:17:34,386
2018년 3월 문재인 정부는 균특 법 개정에 따라

412
00:17:34,386 --> 00:17:36,755
회계 명칭을 균특회계로 복원하고

413
00:17:36,755 --> 00:17:38,557
균특회계의 예산편성에 관한

414
00:17:38,557 --> 00:17:40,259
위원회의 효력을 강화시켰습니다

415
00:17:40,259 --> 00:17:42,828
또 지역혁신체계를 구축하여

416
00:17:42,828 --> 00:17:45,464
지역 발전 투자협약 제도를 도입하는 등

417
00:17:45,464 --> 00:17:47,766
분권 포용 혁신을 가치로

418
00:17:47,766 --> 00:17:50,035
지역주도의 자립적 성장기반 마련에

419
00:17:50,035 --> 00:17:52,037
정책중점을 두고 있습니다

420
00:17:52,037 --> 00:17:53,939
균특회계의 기본 구조입니다

421
00:17:53,939 --> 00:17:56,742
지역자율 계정 지역 지원계정과

422
00:17:56,742 --> 00:18:00,179
세종 계정 제주계정 총 4개 계정이 있고

423
00:18:00,179 --> 00:18:03,215
사업 편성 방식에 따라 지자체 자율편성 사업과

424
00:18:03,215 --> 00:18:05,451
부처 직접 편성 사업으로 구분됩니다

425
00:18:05,451 --> 00:18:07,786
균형 발전 특별회계 예산 추이입니다.

426
00:18:07,786 --> 00:18:10,823
2005년 5.4조 원 규모로 출발하여

427
00:18:10,823 --> 00:18:12,291
소폭으로 증가하다

428
00:18:12,291 --> 00:18:14,993
2009년에 9.6조 원으로 급등했는데

429
00:18:14,993 --> 00:18:17,596
타 회계에 있던 광역기반 시설사업이

430
00:18:17,596 --> 00:18:19,832
균특 지원계정으로 이관되었기 때문입니다

431
00:18:19,832 --> 00:18:22,701
이후 2019년에는 10.7조 원

432
00:18:22,701 --> 00:18:24,603
최대 규모로 편성되었으나

433
00:18:24,603 --> 00:18:27,739
2020년 3.5조 원의 포괄보조금 사업

434
00:18:27,739 --> 00:18:29,141
지방이양으로 인해

435
00:18:29,141 --> 00:18:32,077
9.2조 원으로 줄었다가, 2021년

436
00:18:32,077 --> 00:18:35,481
자율 계정 2.8조 원 지원계정 7.5조 원 등

437
00:18:35,481 --> 00:18:38,350
총 10.3조 원 증액 편성됐습니다

438
00:18:38,350 --> 00:18:40,686
올해 균특회계 중점 투자방향입니다

439
00:18:40,686 --> 00:18:43,889
첫 번째는 교육 분야로 뉴딜사업 증가로 인해

440
00:18:43,889 --> 00:18:46,658
전년대비 29.3퍼센트 상승했습니다

441
00:18:46,658 --> 00:18:49,161
두 번째는 생활 SOC 분야입니다

442
00:18:49,161 --> 00:18:52,030
문화·체육·돌봄 등 일상생활 속에서

443
00:18:52,030 --> 00:18:55,100
삶의 질 향상을 위한 복합화 시설 구축과

444
00:18:55,100 --> 00:18:57,302
환경부의 노후 상수도 정비

445
00:18:57,302 --> 00:19:00,272
국토부의 산단 진입도로 및 광역철도

446
00:19:00,272 --> 00:19:02,774
취약지역 인프라 개선 사업이 포함됩니다

447
00:19:02,774 --> 00:19:06,745
특히 코로나19로 인한 공공의료를 위한 거점 병원

448
00:19:06,745 --> 00:19:08,847
전문병원에 대한 투자가 주목됩니다

449
00:19:08,847 --> 00:19:12,284
세 번째는 지역 산업 맞춤형 일자리 창출과

450
00:19:12,284 --> 00:19:15,387
뉴딜정책의 일환으로 R&D 분야도 증액됐습니다

451
00:19:15,387 --> 00:19:17,856
균특회계 예산안 편성 일정입니다

452
00:19:17,856 --> 00:19:20,459
앞서 설명드린 정부 예산안 편성 일정과

453
00:19:20,459 --> 00:19:21,560
대체로 비슷하지만

454
00:19:21,560 --> 00:19:23,428
포괄보조금의 존재 때문에

455
00:19:23,428 --> 00:19:25,063
특수한 단계가 존재하는데요

456
00:19:25,063 --> 00:19:27,533
기획재정부는 매년 4월 10일 전후로

457
00:19:27,533 --> 00:19:29,168
17개 광역시 도에

458
00:19:29,168 --> 00:19:31,236
배분모델에 따른 시도별 한도

459
00:19:31,236 --> 00:19:33,772
총사업비 연부에 따른 시군 한도를 조합한

460
00:19:33,772 --> 00:19:35,140
기본 한도를 통보합니다

461
00:19:35,140 --> 00:19:37,242
바로 포괄보조금을 의미합니다

462
00:19:37,242 --> 00:19:39,344
시도 자율편성 사업의 경우

463
00:19:39,344 --> 00:19:41,747
재정수요를 고려한 인구 면적 항목이

464
00:19:41,747 --> 00:19:43,215
가중치 30퍼센트

465
00:19:43,215 --> 00:19:45,684
그리고 지방 소득세, 노령인구 비율

466
00:19:45,684 --> 00:19:47,886
재정력수치와 같은 낙후도 요소가

467
00:19:47,886 --> 00:19:49,922
가중치 70퍼센트로 반영된

468
00:19:49,922 --> 00:19:51,456
배분모델에 따라 결정되며

469
00:19:51,456 --> 00:19:53,859
시도별 지출한도는 대부분 전년대비

470
00:19:53,859 --> 00:19:56,161
2~5% 수준 상승됩니다

471
00:19:56,161 --> 00:19:58,630
반면 시군구 자율편성 사업은

472
00:19:58,630 --> 00:20:00,199
배분모델을 따르지 않고

473
00:20:00,199 --> 00:20:02,100
총 사업비 연부액 비율에 따라

474
00:20:02,100 --> 00:20:03,435
지출한도를 산정합니다

475
00:20:03,435 --> 00:20:05,704
일반농산어촌, 도활 등

476
00:20:05,704 --> 00:20:08,674
대부분 계속 사업 소요는 총사업비가 있고

477
00:20:08,674 --> 00:20:10,709
그 총사업비 연부액 비율에 따라

478
00:20:10,709 --> 00:20:12,477
시군별 지출한도를 산정합니다

479
00:20:12,477 --> 00:20:14,513
물론 계속 소요에 한정합니다

480
00:20:14,513 --> 00:20:18,450
시군별 신규 지출한도는 최근 신규 사업 반영 규모

481
00:20:18,450 --> 00:20:19,918
각 사업별 공모 현황

482
00:20:19,918 --> 00:20:22,254
재정규모 증가율을 종합 고려하여

483
00:20:22,254 --> 00:20:24,656
8월에 결정되어 시군으로 통보가 됩니다

484
00:20:24,656 --> 00:20:27,793
이렇게 지출 기본 한도를 부여받은 지자체는

485
00:20:27,793 --> 00:20:30,696
지출한도 내에서 자율적으로 예산을 편성해

486
00:20:30,696 --> 00:20:33,832
4월 30일까지 중앙부처와 균형위에 제출합니다

487
00:20:33,832 --> 00:20:36,902
중앙부처는 지자체가 제출한 예산서를

488
00:20:36,902 --> 00:20:38,770
사업별 검토의견만 첨부해

489
00:20:38,770 --> 00:20:40,772
5월 말일까지 기재부에 제출하고

490
00:20:40,772 --> 00:20:43,508
기재부는 보통 6월 20일경 1차 심의

491
00:20:43,508 --> 00:20:46,745
7월 하순 2차 심의, 8월 초 미결 쟁점 심의

492
00:20:46,745 --> 00:20:49,348
8월 말 소액 심의 순으로 9월 2일까지

493
00:20:49,348 --> 00:20:50,949
예산안 심사를 진행합니다

494
00:20:50,949 --> 00:20:54,419
기재부 심의 시 시도, 시군구 포괄보조사업은

495
00:20:54,419 --> 00:20:56,855
지자체 요구가 대체로 그대로 반영되지만

496
00:20:56,855 --> 00:20:59,358
계속 사업인 경우 재정당국과 합의된

497
00:20:59,358 --> 00:21:00,892
총사업비 범위 초과사업

498
00:21:00,892 --> 00:21:02,928
국회나 감사원 지적 사업 등은

499
00:21:02,928 --> 00:21:04,529
미반영되는 경우도 있습니다

500
00:21:04,529 --> 00:21:07,866
신규 사업인 경우, 사전 타당성 미검증

501
00:21:07,866 --> 00:21:08,834
영향 평가 등

502
00:21:08,834 --> 00:21:10,636
사전 절차를 이행하지 않아

503
00:21:10,636 --> 00:21:12,571
신규 사업 반영이 곤란한 경우

504
00:21:12,571 --> 00:21:13,939
기재부는 해당 지자체에

505
00:21:13,939 --> 00:21:15,641
대체사업을 발굴을 요청하고

506
00:21:15,641 --> 00:21:17,909
기재부와 지자체 간 합의가 이루어지면

507
00:21:17,909 --> 00:21:19,478
그 대체사업으로 반영됩니다

508
00:21:19,478 --> 00:21:22,848
즉 시도별, 시군별 지출한도는 유지하되

509
00:21:22,848 --> 00:21:24,383
사업만 변경되는 셈이죠

510
00:21:24,383 --> 00:21:26,485
8월에는 기재부가 평가에 따른

511
00:21:26,485 --> 00:21:28,253
시도, 시군별 인센티브

512
00:21:28,253 --> 00:21:31,089
시군 신규소요, 이관사업 등을 종합해

513
00:21:31,089 --> 00:21:32,357
추가 한도를 부여합니다

514
00:21:32,357 --> 00:21:35,260
기재부 심의를 마친 균특 포괄보조사업은

515
00:21:35,260 --> 00:21:37,663
국무회의 심의와 대통령 승인을 거쳐

516
00:21:37,663 --> 00:21:39,765
최종 정부 예산안으로 확정되고

517
00:21:39,765 --> 00:21:41,099
국회에 제출됩니다

518
00:21:41,099 --> 00:21:43,535
그렇다면 이러한 균특회계 사업에는

519
00:21:43,535 --> 00:21:45,003
어떠한 것들이 있는지

520
00:21:45,003 --> 00:21:46,571
구체적으로 살펴보겠습니다

521
00:21:46,571 --> 00:21:48,940
먼저 시도 자율편성 사업입니다

522
00:21:48,940 --> 00:21:51,443
2020년 포괄보조사업을 중심으로

523
00:21:51,443 --> 00:21:53,378
2019년 36개에서

524
00:21:53,378 --> 00:21:55,347
2021년 현재 13개만

525
00:21:55,347 --> 00:21:57,582
포괄보조금 사업으로 남아있습니다

526
00:21:57,582 --> 00:21:59,818
다음은 시군구 자율편성 사업입니다

527
00:21:59,818 --> 00:22:02,554
시도 자율편성 시 과소투자 우려가 있는

528
00:22:02,554 --> 00:22:04,056
시군구 생활권 사업은

529
00:22:04,056 --> 00:22:05,991
소요예산을 별도로 산정하여

530
00:22:05,991 --> 00:22:08,060
시군구별로 한도를 배분합니다

531
00:22:08,060 --> 00:22:12,664
전국은 지방자치법 제2조에 따라, 세종특별자치시

532
00:22:12,664 --> 00:22:14,833
제주특별자치도 행정시인

533
00:22:14,833 --> 00:22:16,735
제주시와 서귀포시를 포함하여

534
00:22:16,735 --> 00:22:19,338
총 229개 시군구로 구성됩니다

535
00:22:19,338 --> 00:22:22,808
229개 모든 시군구는 일반농산어촌

536
00:22:22,808 --> 00:22:24,076
도시활력증진지역

537
00:22:24,076 --> 00:22:28,246
특수상황지역, 성장 촉진 지역 중 하나에 포함되어

538
00:22:28,246 --> 00:22:30,382
지역유형에 맞는 사업을 추진합니다

539
00:22:30,382 --> 00:22:32,617
먼저 특수상황지역입니다

540
00:22:32,617 --> 00:22:35,687
접경지원법에 따른 15개 시군과

541
00:22:35,687 --> 00:22:38,690
도서개발 촉진법에 따른 개발 대상 도서 중

542
00:22:38,690 --> 00:22:40,826
성장 촉진 지역에 해당하지 않는

543
00:22:40,826 --> 00:22:42,828
185개 도서가 해당됩니다

544
00:22:42,828 --> 00:22:45,263
두 번째는 일반 농산어촌 지역입니다

545
00:22:45,263 --> 00:22:49,668
대상은 지방자치법 제7조에 따른 도농복합형태로

546
00:22:49,668 --> 00:22:52,137
시에 있는 읍면 및 군 면 지역입니다

547
00:22:52,137 --> 00:22:54,606
특수상황지역에 해당되는 곳은 제외됩니다

548
00:22:54,606 --> 00:22:56,975
세 번째는 도시활력증진지역입니다

549
00:22:56,975 --> 00:23:00,879
대상은 특별광역시의 군구 및 일반 시지역입니다

550
00:23:00,879 --> 00:23:03,782
다만 지방자치법 제7조에 따른

551
00:23:03,782 --> 00:23:06,685
도농복합형태 시는 동 지역만 해당됩니다

552
00:23:06,685 --> 00:23:08,620
여기도 마찬가지로 특수상황지역에

553
00:23:08,620 --> 00:23:09,988
해당되는 곳은 제외됩니다

554
00:23:09,988 --> 00:23:12,190
네 번째는 성장 촉진 지역으로

555
00:23:12,190 --> 00:23:13,592
생활환경이 열악하고

556
00:23:13,592 --> 00:23:15,694
개발 수준이 현저히 저조하여

557
00:23:15,694 --> 00:23:17,295
국가와 지방자치단체의

558
00:23:17,295 --> 00:23:19,197
특별한 배려가 필요한 지역입니다

559
00:23:19,197 --> 00:23:22,100
인구 소득 재정상태 등을 고려해

560
00:23:22,100 --> 00:23:23,535
균형위 심의를 거쳐

561
00:23:23,535 --> 00:23:25,437
행안부 장관과 국토부 장관이

562
00:23:25,437 --> 00:23:26,805
공동으로 지정 고시하며

563
00:23:26,805 --> 00:23:29,474
현재는 70개 시군이 해당합니다

564
00:23:29,474 --> 00:23:31,843
마지막으로 지역 행복 생활권입니다

565
00:23:31,843 --> 00:23:34,379
앞서 언급한 지역별 구분이 아닌

566
00:23:34,379 --> 00:23:37,449
전국 63개 행복 생활권 설정에 따른

567
00:23:37,449 --> 00:23:39,418
다 부처 연계협력 지역입니다

568
00:23:39,418 --> 00:23:41,586
이 다섯 가지 유형의 사업들은

569
00:23:41,586 --> 00:23:43,188
보조율이 각각 상이합니다

570
00:23:43,188 --> 00:23:44,856
시군구별로 우리 지역이

571
00:23:44,856 --> 00:23:46,591
어느 지역에 해당하는가는

572
00:23:46,591 --> 00:23:48,460
기재부에서 매년 발간하는

573
00:23:48,460 --> 00:23:50,729
균형 발전 특별회계 예산안 편성 지침을 

574
00:23:50,729 --> 00:23:51,897
참고하시기 바랍니다

575
00:23:51,897 --> 00:23:54,566
다음은 부처 직접 편성 사업입니다

576
00:23:54,566 --> 00:23:58,236
2021년 지원계정 예산은 7.5조 원 규모로

577
00:23:58,236 --> 00:24:00,138
경제 문화 관광 등

578
00:24:00,138 --> 00:24:03,175
다양한 분야와 권역 간 협력이 필요한 사업에 대해 

579
00:24:03,175 --> 00:24:04,643
부처가 직접 편성합니다

580
00:24:04,643 --> 00:24:08,180
복지분야가 전체 예산 중 총 35.8%로

581
00:24:08,180 --> 00:24:09,648
역대 최고 비율을 보이고

582
00:24:09,648 --> 00:24:12,884
산업, R&D, SOC 등 경제분야가

583
00:24:12,884 --> 00:24:14,953
그 뒤를 이어 비중을 차지하고 있습니다

584
00:24:14,953 --> 00:24:17,923
저소득층 생활 안정자금이 증액됐고

585
00:24:17,923 --> 00:24:19,958
고용유지 및 취업 기회 확대와

586
00:24:19,958 --> 00:24:23,161
중소·수출 기업 및 자영업자 지원이 눈에 띕니다

587
00:24:23,161 --> 00:24:25,197
부처 예산 규모로만 봤을 때는

588
00:24:25,197 --> 00:24:27,566
국토교통부가 2조 6천억 원으로

589
00:24:27,566 --> 00:24:30,569
전체 부처 사업의 1/3 정도를 차지하는데요

590
00:24:30,569 --> 00:24:33,839
여기에는 광역교통시설과 국가 기간 도로 등의

591
00:24:33,839 --> 00:24:35,974
인프라를 구축하는 soc 사업이

592
00:24:35,974 --> 00:24:37,742
대부분을 차지하고 있기 때문입니다

593
00:24:37,742 --> 00:24:40,512
그 외에 여성가족부의 가족센터는

594
00:24:40,512 --> 00:24:43,849
생활 soc 복합화 대상 시설 10종 중 하나로

595
00:24:43,849 --> 00:24:45,250
지원계정에서는 유일한

596
00:24:45,250 --> 00:24:47,652
생활 soc 복합화 지원 사업입니다

597
00:24:47,652 --> 00:24:49,621
지금까지는 균특회계의

598
00:24:49,621 --> 00:24:51,756
편성 유형에 따른 세부사업을 보았습니다

599
00:24:51,756 --> 00:24:53,758
이번에는 국가 균형 발전 위원회의

600
00:24:53,758 --> 00:24:55,026
핵심사업 소개입니다

601
00:24:55,026 --> 00:24:57,762
첫 번째는 국가 균형 발전 프로젝트입니다.

602
00:24:57,762 --> 00:25:00,065
정부는 2019년 1월

603
00:25:00,065 --> 00:25:02,801
25조 원 규모의 23개 지역 사업에 대한

604
00:25:02,801 --> 00:25:05,237
예비 타당성조사를 면제하는 내용의

605
00:25:05,237 --> 00:25:07,806
국가 균형 발전 프로젝트를 심의 의결했습니다

606
00:25:07,806 --> 00:25:11,343
지역경제 파급효과가 큰 광역권 전략사업으로

607
00:25:11,343 --> 00:25:13,979
지역전략사업 육성에 2조 9천억 원

608
00:25:13,979 --> 00:25:16,515
지역 산업 인프라 확충에 6조 4천억 원

609
00:25:16,515 --> 00:25:19,551
광역교통물류망 구축에 11조 8천억 원

610
00:25:19,551 --> 00:25:22,954
지역주민의 삶의 질 제고 등에 4조 3천억 원이

611
00:25:22,954 --> 00:25:25,924
2029년까지 연차적으로 투자될 예정입니다

612
00:25:25,924 --> 00:25:28,126
두 번째는 2019년 4월

613
00:25:28,126 --> 00:25:29,761
정부와 관계 부처가 합동으로

614
00:25:29,761 --> 00:25:31,596
발표한 생활 SOC3개년

615
00:25:31,596 --> 00:25:33,598
계획안의 핵심과제 중 하나로

616
00:25:33,598 --> 00:25:35,634
생활 SOC 복합화 사업입니다

617
00:25:35,634 --> 00:25:38,303
그동안 부처별 칸막이를 허물고

618
00:25:38,303 --> 00:25:41,640
체육관 도서관 어린이집 등 일상생활과 밀접한

619
00:25:41,640 --> 00:25:44,476
다양한 시설을 한 공간에 건립하는 사업입니다

620
00:25:44,476 --> 00:25:47,345
생활 soc 사업 10종 중에 2종 이상을

621
00:25:47,345 --> 00:25:49,915
단일 혹은 연계하여 한 부지에 건립하면

622
00:25:49,915 --> 00:25:52,918
국고보조금을 10% 상향 지원하고 있습니다

623
00:25:52,918 --> 00:25:56,755
균형위는 2019년 총 282건을 선정하여

624
00:25:56,755 --> 00:26:00,892
2020년부터 3년간 국비 8504억 원을 지원합니다

625
00:26:00,892 --> 00:26:03,662
세 번째는 지역 발전 투자 협약 제도입니다

626
00:26:03,662 --> 00:26:05,463
다 부처가 동시 지원하는

627
00:26:05,463 --> 00:26:07,699
지방분권형 균형 발전사업으로

628
00:26:07,699 --> 00:26:09,768
지자체 주도로 사업 계획을 수립하고

629
00:26:09,768 --> 00:26:10,869
협약을 체결합니다

630
00:26:10,869 --> 00:26:13,538
국비 총 천억 원의 예산이 편성되어

631
00:26:13,538 --> 00:26:17,275
2019년 300억 규모의 11개 시범사업을 시작으로

632
00:26:17,275 --> 00:26:18,910
2020년 305억

633
00:26:18,910 --> 00:26:21,646
2021년 올해까지 3년간 추진됩니다

634
00:26:21,646 --> 00:26:24,516
네 번째는 지역 혁신성장 계획입니다

635
00:26:24,516 --> 00:26:26,585
중앙부처의 지역 혁신사업

636
00:26:26,585 --> 00:26:28,486
시도의 자체사업 등을 활용하여

637
00:26:28,486 --> 00:26:30,889
지역 혁신성장 방향에 부합하는

638
00:26:30,889 --> 00:26:33,158
시도 주도의 연계 계획 수립과

639
00:26:33,158 --> 00:26:34,759
사업 관리를 위한 정책입니다

640
00:26:34,759 --> 00:26:38,263
2021년 각 시도는 교육부ㆍ과기부

641
00:26:38,263 --> 00:26:39,631
산업부ㆍ중기부 등

642
00:26:39,631 --> 00:26:44,035
4개 부처, R&D, 산업ㆍ기업 육성 등 총 11개 사업 

643
00:26:44,035 --> 00:26:46,237
지역 혁신 전략산업을 선정하고

644
00:26:46,237 --> 00:26:48,306
혁신성장 목표 달성에 필요한

645
00:26:48,306 --> 00:26:50,241
지역 혁신성장 계획을 수립하면

646
00:26:50,241 --> 00:26:52,811
이를 정부 예산안에도 반영할 방침입니다

647
00:26:54,012 --> 00:26:55,547
마지막 4장입니다

648
00:26:55,547 --> 00:26:59,017
지금까지 국가 재정과 제도, 재정 분권

649
00:26:59,017 --> 00:27:02,187
포괄보조금과 균특회계 등을 알아봤습니다

650
00:27:02,187 --> 00:27:03,254
곧 4월입니다

651
00:27:03,254 --> 00:27:05,590
국가 재정 전체의 투자 규모 및

652
00:27:05,590 --> 00:27:07,359
제도 운용 등을 이해하며

653
00:27:07,359 --> 00:27:09,694
복합화 및 각 지자체별 현안사업의

654
00:27:09,694 --> 00:27:11,830
추진과 정부 사업들을 하기 위해서는

655
00:27:11,830 --> 00:27:13,264
어떤 준비가 필요할까요?

656
00:27:13,264 --> 00:27:14,866
국비지원을 확보하기 위한

657
00:27:14,866 --> 00:27:16,768
5대 전략에 대해 알아보겠습니다

658
00:27:16,768 --> 00:27:19,537
첫째, 예산편성 시기를 정확히 알고

659
00:27:19,537 --> 00:27:20,872
미리 준비하는 것입니다

660
00:27:20,872 --> 00:27:24,476
앞서 정부 예산 편성 절차를 설명드렸는데요

661
00:27:24,476 --> 00:27:27,445
특히 각 부처와 기재부에 사업의 당위성

662
00:27:27,445 --> 00:27:29,681
시급성 등을 충분히 설명해야 합니다

663
00:27:29,681 --> 00:27:32,317
중기 예산과 본예산 심의 시기에 맞춰

664
00:27:32,317 --> 00:27:34,486
각 부처와 기재부의 설명하기 위한

665
00:27:34,486 --> 00:27:36,254
타이밍을 적절히 선점하고

666
00:27:36,254 --> 00:27:38,490
충분한 시간을 확보하는 것이 중요합니다

667
00:27:38,490 --> 00:27:40,258
또한 예산 요구를 하기 전

668
00:27:40,258 --> 00:27:42,861
사전 절차는 완료해 놓는 게 당연히 필요하겠죠

669
00:27:42,861 --> 00:27:45,397
신규 사업인 경우에도 마찬가지입니다

670
00:27:45,397 --> 00:27:48,767
사전 타당성 검증사업, 총 사업비 조정

671
00:27:48,767 --> 00:27:51,069
각종 영향 평가 및 이행사업 등

672
00:27:51,069 --> 00:27:53,204
사전 절차를 이행하지 않은 사업들은

673
00:27:53,204 --> 00:27:54,572
예산 반영이 어렵다는 건

674
00:27:54,572 --> 00:27:56,341
충분히 예상 가능한 부분입니다

675
00:27:56,341 --> 00:27:59,711
특히, 사전 절차에 있어 예비 타당성조사와

676
00:27:59,711 --> 00:28:02,280
총사업비관리제도는 반드시 확인해야 합니다

677
00:28:02,280 --> 00:28:03,982
예비 타당성조사는

678
00:28:03,982 --> 00:28:06,151
사업의 무리한 추진을 방지하기 위한

679
00:28:06,151 --> 00:28:08,386
국가 재정사업의 안전장치 중 하나로

680
00:28:08,386 --> 00:28:12,023
기획재정부 주관의 대규모 신규 사업의 타당성을

681
00:28:12,023 --> 00:28:15,126
객관적 중립적 시각에서 사전조사하는 제도입니다

682
00:28:15,126 --> 00:28:17,462
원칙적으로 사업시행 전 연도까지

683
00:28:17,462 --> 00:28:19,431
신청해야 원활한 추진이 가능하므로

684
00:28:19,431 --> 00:28:21,866
예타 절차와 1년에 4번 진행되는

685
00:28:21,866 --> 00:28:24,002
신청 시기를 정확히 알아두시기 바랍니다

686
00:28:24,002 --> 00:28:25,537
총사업비관리제도는

687
00:28:25,537 --> 00:28:28,106
재정지출의 효용성을 제고하기 위한 것입니다

688
00:28:28,106 --> 00:28:30,175
국고 또는 기금으로 시행하는

689
00:28:30,175 --> 00:28:32,377
대규모 재정사업의 총사업비를

690
00:28:32,377 --> 00:28:34,746
사업 추진 단계별로 조정하고 관리하는데

691
00:28:34,746 --> 00:28:38,516
신규 사업에 한정하지 않고 사업비가 증액되며

692
00:28:38,516 --> 00:28:40,518
대규모 재정사업 기준을 충족해도

693
00:28:40,518 --> 00:28:43,154
관리사업에 해당되므로 유의하시기 바랍니다

694
00:28:43,154 --> 00:28:44,155
자세한 내용은

695
00:28:44,155 --> 00:28:46,624
총 사업비 관리지침을 참고하시기 바랍니다

696
00:28:46,624 --> 00:28:48,760
두 번째 국고 확보 전략은

697
00:28:48,760 --> 00:28:50,895
정부 정책의 흐름을 파악하라는 것입니다 

698
00:28:50,895 --> 00:28:53,832
국가가 어떤 분야에 적극 투자하려는지

699
00:28:53,832 --> 00:28:56,568
국정 현안은 무엇인지 예산편성지침이나

700
00:28:56,568 --> 00:28:58,603
경제관계장관회의 등을 통해

701
00:28:58,603 --> 00:29:00,004
모니터링하는 것입니다

702
00:29:00,004 --> 00:29:01,906
예를 들어 균형 발전사업 중

703
00:29:01,906 --> 00:29:03,975
지역밀착형 생활 soc 사업

704
00:29:03,975 --> 00:29:06,411
어촌 뉴딜사업, 도시재생사업

705
00:29:06,411 --> 00:29:08,279
지역 발전 투자협약사업 등

706
00:29:08,279 --> 00:29:09,848
지역을 위한 사업이면서

707
00:29:09,848 --> 00:29:11,716
동시에 국가정책이 반영된

708
00:29:11,716 --> 00:29:13,251
국가 브랜드화 사업이기에

709
00:29:13,251 --> 00:29:15,353
국고 확보에 유리할 수 있습니다

710
00:29:15,353 --> 00:29:17,021
정부 정책을 적극적으로 찾고

711
00:29:17,021 --> 00:29:18,356
활용하시면 되겠습니다

712
00:29:18,356 --> 00:29:20,458
세 번째 전략은 지피지기입니다

713
00:29:20,458 --> 00:29:23,595
말 그대로 상대의 요구를 정확히 파악하고

714
00:29:23,595 --> 00:29:25,363
내가 하고자 하는 사업이 무엇인지

715
00:29:25,363 --> 00:29:26,998
정확한 정보를 알아야 합니다

716
00:29:26,998 --> 00:29:29,000
사업의 소관부처가 어디인지

717
00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:30,802
어떤 회계를 통해 지원되는지

718
00:29:30,802 --> 00:29:32,370
세부사업이 무엇인지

719
00:29:32,370 --> 00:29:34,405
어떤 내역사업이 포함되어 있는지

720
00:29:34,405 --> 00:29:35,807
알아두면 좋을 것입니다

721
00:29:35,807 --> 00:29:37,642
이러한 정보를 검색하기 위해

722
00:29:37,642 --> 00:29:39,711
균형 발전 종합정보시스템 등

723
00:29:39,711 --> 00:29:42,180
여러 정보매체를 활용하는 것이 도움이 됩니다

724
00:29:42,180 --> 00:29:44,415
네 번째 국고 확보 전략은

725
00:29:44,415 --> 00:29:46,284
이 사업이 왜 필요한지에 대한 논리를

726
00:29:46,284 --> 00:29:48,019
적극적으로 개발하는 것입니다

727
00:29:48,019 --> 00:29:50,722
관련 법령, 상위계획, 지자체 시책

728
00:29:50,722 --> 00:29:52,624
사업의 시급성과 필요성 등을

729
00:29:52,624 --> 00:29:54,859
충분히 강조해 제기할 필요가 있습니다

730
00:29:54,859 --> 00:29:58,129
사업 효과는 그동안의 추진성과 등을 구체적이고

731
00:29:58,129 --> 00:30:00,965
정량적인 지표로 제시하는 것이 도움이 됩니다

732
00:30:00,965 --> 00:30:03,902
해외 사례나 유사 사례를 포함하면 더 좋겠습니다

733
00:30:03,902 --> 00:30:05,904
마지막으로 국보 확보 전략은

734
00:30:05,904 --> 00:30:07,305
끝까지 노력하는 것입니다

735
00:30:07,305 --> 00:30:08,973
이 사업을 꼭 해야 한다면

736
00:30:08,973 --> 00:30:12,510
기재부의 1차 2차 3차 심의가 끝나더라도

737
00:30:12,510 --> 00:30:15,413
소액사업 심의 등을 통해 일부라도 반영되도록

738
00:30:15,413 --> 00:30:17,682
끈질기고 지속적인 노력이 필요합니다

739
00:30:17,682 --> 00:30:21,486
또한 공모사업 총액계상사업 특별 교부금 등

740
00:30:21,486 --> 00:30:23,688
예산을 반영할 수 있는 다양한 방법을 

741
00:30:23,688 --> 00:30:26,124
포기하지 말고 찾아보는 것도 필요하겠습니다

742
00:30:26,124 --> 00:30:29,460
이상으로 2021년 국가 재정과 균특회계

743
00:30:29,460 --> 00:30:31,896
국비확보 전략에 대한 설명을 마칩니다

744
00:30:31,896 --> 00:30:34,732
본 영상이 많은 분들께 도움이 되길 바라며

745
00:30:34,732 --> 00:30:36,201
균형 발전 위원회에서도

746
00:30:36,201 --> 00:30:38,937
국민이 체감할 수 있는 균형 발전 정책과 

747
00:30:38,937 --> 00:30:41,840
사업 추진을 위한 예산 확보를 위해 노력하겠습니다

748
00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:45,844
고맙습니다

국가재정의 이해 및 지자체 국비확보 전략

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